IEEE-754 Binary Floating - Point Arithmetic (READ)

IEEE Std 754-1985  IEEE Standard for Binary Floating-Point Arithmetic

It is intended that an implementation of a floating-point system conforming
to this standard can be realized entirely in software, entirely in
hardware, or in any combination of software and hardware.  It is the
environment the programmer or user of the system sees that conforms or
fails to conform to this standard.  Hardware components that require
software support to conform shall not be said to conform apart form such
software.

This standard specifies
 (1) Basic and extended floating-point number formats
 (2) Add, subtract, multiply, divide, square root, remainder, and compare
     operations
 (3) Conversions between integer and floating-point formats
 (4) Conversions between different floating-point formats
 (5) Conversions between basic format floating point numbers and decimal
     strings
 (6) Floating-point exceptions and their handling, including non-numbers
     (Nabs)

This standard does not specify
 (1) Formats of decimal strings and integers
 (2) Interpretation of the sign and significant fields of Nabs
 (3) Binary <-> decimal conversions to and from extended formats
 
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